Electronics

An interrupt is a condition that arises during the working of a microprocessor. The interrupts of 8086 initiate interrupt service through ISR

The DC Motor is an electrical machine which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It works on the principle of induced emf.

The losses in optical fiber are Absorption loss, scattering loss, dispersion loss, radiation loss and coupling loss.

A Servo motor is similar to an induction motor having two primary windings placed 90 degrees apart in magnetic position.

The IMPATT diode (Impact ionization Avalanche Transit-Time) is one which is used in high frequency applications and is a high power diode.

Wien bridge oscillator is an audio frequency sine wave oscillator of high stability and simplicity with no phase shift in feedback network.

The Feedback amplifiers increase the signal strength by providing feedback back to the system at the input end.

The Nyquist criteria is a semi graphical method that determines stability of CL system investigating the properties of the frequency plot.

The Routh Hurwitz’s Criterion states that the system is stable if and only if all the elements in the first column have same algebraic sign.

The state variables can be explained as a minimal set of states of a system which helps to determine behavior of the system.

The Adaptive Delta Modulation technique helped to overcome the problem of granular noise in delta modulation.

The Half wave rectifier uses a single diode and is the simplest form of diode. The connection allows the diode to conduct in only one cycle. 

There are three operational amplifiers in the circuit of an Instrumentation Amplifier of which two non inverting amplifiers are the inputs.

Crystal Oscillator is specially designed in a circuit to provide low impedance when it operates in series-resonant mode and high impedance.

CMOS is a new type of MOSFET logic is made combining both the PMOS and NMOS processes and is called complementary MOS.

The amplitude of the carrier signal varies in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal in Amplitude Modulation.

Frequency Modulation is the technique in which the frequency of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal.

As proposed by Hendrik W. Bode a Bode Plot is simply a graphical representation used to design and analyze any control system.

In PAM, amplitude of pulses is varied in accordance with the instantaneous value of modulating signal. It is basic technique for all modulation

The Delta Modulation has step size much smaller after quantization and also the sampling rate is much higher.

When a semiconductor is doped with half of the trivalent impurity and other half with pentavalent impurity is then called PN junction diode

The clipper circuits are basically used to clip the portion of any input signal without changing the remaining part of the input waveform.

There are three operational amplifiers in the circuit of an Instrumentation Amplifier of which two non inverting amplifiers are the inputs.

Crystal Oscillator is specially designed in a circuit to provide low impedance when it operates in series-resonant mode and high impedance.

CMOS is a new type of MOSFET logic is made combining both the PMOS and NMOS processes and is called complementary MOS.

The amplitude of the carrier signal varies in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal in Amplitude Modulation.

Frequency Modulation is the technique in which the frequency of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal.

There are many applications of DSP in the present era. Such as in speech coding and compression, electrocardiography and many more.

Addressing modes are used to specify the data to be operated with the help of instructions.

Snubber Circuit is the one used for suppressing voltage spikes. These are energy absorbing circuits. RC circuits are basic snubber circuits.