Electronics

Laplace Transform is a method used for solving differential equations. The Dirichlet condition defines the necessary condition for transform

The 8051 interrupts are INT0, INT1,TO ,T1 , TI/RI. All these interrupts are controlled by IE (interrupt enable) register.

A controller which controls the motor is called Variable Frequency Drive. By varying the frequency and voltage of supply it controls the motor

The main components of Phase Locked Loop are a phase detector with a voltage controlled oscillator. It also has loop filter feedback.

Whenever a signal is sampled below Nyquist rate (fs < 2B), the signal is called under sampled and the Aliasing effect hampers the results.

The Circular Convolution can be performed using two basic methods which are concentric circle method and matrix multiplication method.

In order to make communication more safer and reliable digital signals are used. The basic digital modulation techniques are ASK, PSK,FSK and MSK

The sampling theorem states that information contained in a signal is fully preserved in sampled form as long as the fs=2fm.

Watchdog timer is a hardware microcontroller. It is basically used to take out a system from an infinite loop and resets the system.

The multiplexer is a special type of combinational circuit which has n-data inputs, one output and m inputs select lines with 2^m = n.

The IC 555 timer is an 8 pin chip. It is used in applications such as multivibratiors. It operates in astable, bistable and monostable mode.

The losses in transformer are listed below. Some of them occur due to alternating flux or due to ohmic resistance in the windings.

The Programmable Interrupt controller is also known as PIC micro-controller. It is used as interfacing device. It has different operating modes.

TDMA (Time division multiple access) is used where there is no need for continuous transmission. Due to this it can be used instead of FDMA.

FDMA allows users to transmit signals simultaneously to satellite transponders with the help of specific frequency to every user in a channel

In JK flip flop when both J=K=1 the output toggles as long as clock high. This makes the output unstable. This is called race around condition.

The convolution theorem states that the transform of convolution of f1(t) and f2(t) is the product of individual transforms F1(s) and F2(s).

This instrument is called a Linear Voltage Differential Transformer.

Encoders convert 2N lines of input into a code of N bits and Decoders decode those N bits into 2N lines.

ZigBee forms the upper layer for control and sensor applications. It is built above IEEE 802.15.4.

In Huffman Coding the input is assigned a variable length code. The smallest code is assigned to the character which occurs the most.

FFT algorithms are based on the fundamental principle of decomposing the computation of DFT of sequence length into successively smaller DFT

The z-transform is primarily used to convert the discrete time domain signal into discrete frequency domain signal.

UART converts serial to parallel data on the transmitter side.

It is a resistor whose resistance changes with change in temperature.

The Fourier transform states that non-periodic signal having finite area under the curve can be represented into integrals of sine and cosine

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