In Reaction turbine, Pressure energy is first converted into kinetic energy before supplied to runner. It works on impulse reaction principle.
Civil
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“Caissons” means box. Such box can be prefabricated on shore and then floated to the desired site, and is allowed to seat on prepared base.
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Seismic waves are the waves which are formed by sudden breaking of rock within the earth. There are two types of waves: Body and Surface waves.
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Well foundation is deep one which generally provided for construction of bridges.World famous “Taj mahal” stands on well foundation.
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A draft tube is a pipe of gradually increasing diameter which connects the exit of runner of a turbine to the tail race.
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In Tidal Power plants, tidal energy gets generated. It is renewable source of hydro energy which is available due to rise and fall of tides.
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Cross Drainage work is constructed for crossing canal water safely over or under the drainage water.It should be avoided if possible.
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Rivers are part of the surface water which flows from their source region to their mouth. The importance of river depend on length, width etc.
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Weir is a crest wall constructed across a river to divert raise water of river into canal. Crest wall across a river raises the water.
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Spillway is the passage provided for disposal of surplus flood water on the downstream side without affecting stability of water.
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Arch dam is seen curved in plan with its convexity to the upstream side. It transfers the pressure towards the abutments by arch action.
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Piezometer is a instrument which measures the pore water pressure in a soil medium. It can be installed within structure of dam.
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The load carrying capacity of river ganga is reduced so the load is deposited on the bed of the river to make it shallow.
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Disaster management is natural or manmade hazard which results in events causing damage on large scale destruction of human life .
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Precipitation: The water in the form of a pond or lake or the groundwater is derived from the precipitation.
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Aggregates are the major ingredient of concrete which occupy 70 to 80 % of the volume of concrete. It increases the density of the concrete mix.
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Arbitration is the settlement of a dispute by the decision not of a regular but chosen by the parties themselves who are called arbitrators.
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Green buildings have a smarter lighting system that automatically switches off when no one is present inside the room.
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Infiltration is the process that can be defined as it is an entry and movement of water through the land surface into the substrate.
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Development plan is also known as a master plan. Development defined as the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations.
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Toposheets is a topographic map is a two dimensional representation of a three dimensional land surface.
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Plane table surveying is a graphical method of surveying in which the field work and plotting are carried out simultaneously.
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There are different types of value such as scrap value, book value, monopoly, assessed value and more each with its own parameters and meaning
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Specification includes provision of overall information such as description of all workmanship, materials and methods of working to complete.
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ERP Software: Organizations need to respond to changing customer needs and grab market opportunities as and when they arise.
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Triangulation method of measuring the chain angle of a framework of a triangle being formed by making the station on the surface of earth.
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In total, station field survey data consisting of the angles, distance and related information is stored in electric field work.
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The underground passages which are constructed without disturbing the ground surface are known as tunnels.
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Tacheometry is to enable horizontal and vertical distance to be computed from reading upon a stadia rod and thus eliminate chaining operation.
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Curves play a vital role in geometric design of road and railway alignments.