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What are Rivers?

by Swati

Rivers:

  • Rivers are the part of the surface water which flows from their source region to their mouths.
  • The importance of river depends upon its length, width, velocity, and seasonality.
  • Some rivers are short like most of the rivers flowing in western direction in South India. For e.g. Konkan rivers like Surya, Savitry, Vashishti etc.
  • Their utility is lesser than the rivers in North India like Ganga, Yamuna, Brahmaputra etc. They are long, wide and have higher economic values than small rivers.
  • The rivers have a lot of economic utility like hydroelectricity generation, Irrigation, Industrial and domestic utilization etc.

Different Stages of a River:

  • There are various stages of a river when it flows from its origin in a mountainous area to a sea.
  • There are mainly four stages through which river flows from mountain to sea.
  • Four stages are as follows:
  1. Rocky stage or mountainous stage
  2. Boulder stage
  3. Trough and alluvial stage
  4. Deltaic stage

1.Rocky stage and mountainous stage:

  • It is also known as hilly stage of river.
  • It is the first stage of river started from the mountain and flow through hilly area.
  • In this step, the river flows with very steep slopes and hence velocity of water is ultimate.

2.Boulder stage of river:

  • The second stage of river is boulder stage in which the river flows from rocky stage to the boulder stage.
  • This stage contains the large boulders, gravels and shingles with flows.
  • In such stage, the bed slope is very steep and velocity is more but less than the velocity in rocky stage.

3. Trough and alluvial stage:

  • It is the third stage of river in which it flows in zig-zag way.
  • When the river flows in zig-zag manner, then it is termed as meandering river.

4.Deltaic stage:

  • It is the last stage of river prior to go into the sea. 
  • When the river split up into a small branches and forms the shape of delta, then it is called as deltaic stage.
  • In last stage, river split up into small branches and forms a delta.

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