The full form of GPS is Global Positioning System . Global positioning system used for better and accurate surveying , it can provide data for horizontal and for the vertical position elevation of the topographic features. It is provides a three dimensional position. ( Length, width and height of any object ).
It can be effectively used for any size of a project from the geodetic surveys at the global level to the plan survey of the agricultural fields.
Principle: Global Positioning System is based on Triangulation from satellite.
Working system:
For triangulation, the GPS receivers measure the distance, for which the travel time of the radio message from the satellite used. Global positioning system is needed to use a very high precision clock to measure the travel time. It is in after the measurement of the distance the location of the satellite becomes important.
Types:
There are mainly two types: 1) Single frequency 2) Dual frequency
Application:
- GPS used in ‘As built survey’, topographic survey, in natural resource mapping, used for mine explosion.
- GPS used in communication tower survey and certification.
- GIS data acquisition.
Segments:
- There are three main segments:
- Space segment
- Control segment
- User segment
Space segment: Space segment it is an important segment and it comprises the orbiting GPS satellite in Global positioning system parlance. It is design originally called for 24 space vehicles, 8 each in three circular orbit planes.
Control segment: Two space operation squadron contact each GPS satellite regularly with a navigational update by using antennas.
User segment: User segment in which GPS receivers are made of an antenna tuned to the frequencies transmitted by the satellites receiver- processors and a highly-stable clock.
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