Colloids are mixtures of dispersed insoluble particles of one substance that are microscopic in nature, and are suspended in another substance.

The sample path length and concentration of the sample are directly proportional to the absorbance of the light.

Enthalpy is the measurement of energy in a thermodynamic system. The quantity of enthalpy equals the total content of heat of a system

Buffers are generally characterised by pH range by which they maintain a more or less constant pH by their buffer capacity.

According to Hund’s rule:
Before the double occupation of any orbital, every orbital in the sub level is singly occupied.

Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons present in a single atom will have an identical set or will have the same quantum numbers

Enantiomers are a pair of molecules that exist in two forms that are mirror images of one another but cannot be superimposed one upon the other

water that contains a required quantity of dissolved minerals (like calcium and magnesium) ,Water hardness is usually measured as calcium hardness in milligrams per litre (mg/l)

The Aufbau principle highlights the way in which the electrons are filled in the atomic orbitals of an atom in its ground state

Toposheets is a topographic map is a two dimensional representation of a three dimensional land surface.

Plane table surveying is a graphical method of surveying in which the field work and plotting are carried out simultaneously.

There are different types of value such as scrap value, book value, monopoly, assessed value and more each with its own parameters and meaning

Specification includes provision of overall information such as description of all workmanship, materials and methods of working to complete.

ERP Software: Organizations need to respond to changing customer needs and grab market opportunities as and when they arise.

Triangulation method of measuring the chain angle of a framework of a triangle being formed by making the station on the surface of earth.

In total, station field survey data consisting of the angles, distance and related information is stored in electric field work.

The underground passages which are constructed without disturbing the ground surface are known as tunnels.

Tacheometry is to enable horizontal and vertical distance to be computed from reading upon a stadia rod and thus eliminate chaining operation.

Curves play a vital role in geometric design of road and railway alignments.

A computer network is a collection of devices that are linked together.