A cofferdam is a temporary structure designed to keep water and soil out of the excavation in which a bridge pier or other structure is built.

The primary market is rooted in a specific location . Conversely, the secondary market physically exists.

The method of variation of parameters is the general method which we use to find out a particular solution of a differential equation by replacing the constants in the solution of the homogeneous differential equation by functions and evaluating these functions so that the original DE will be satisfied.

“Caissons” means box. Such box can be prefabricated on shore and then floated to the desired site, and is allowed to seat on prepared base.

In Reaction turbine, Pressure energy is first converted into kinetic energy before supplied to runner. It works on impulse reaction principle.

The principle of under-reamed pile foundations is the anchoring of the superstructure at a depth where the volume changes of soil are negligible.

Seismic waves are the waves which are formed by sudden breaking of rock within the earth. There are two types of waves: Body and Surface waves.

Frequency Modulation is the technique in which the frequency of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal.

The amplitude of the carrier signal varies in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal in Amplitude Modulation.

CMOS is a new type of MOSFET logic is made combining both the PMOS and NMOS processes and is called complementary MOS.

Crystal Oscillator is specially designed in a circuit to provide low impedance when it operates in series-resonant mode and high impedance.

There are three operational amplifiers in the circuit of an Instrumentation Amplifier of which two non inverting amplifiers are the inputs.

Well foundation is deep one which generally provided for construction of bridges.World famous “Taj mahal” stands on well foundation.

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The entropy of a substance is a real quantity, just like pressure, volume and temperature. Its unit is joule/Kelvin (J/K).

A draft tube is a pipe of gradually increasing diameter which connects the exit of runner of a turbine to the tail race.

A crystal is a solid whose constituent atoms, ions or molecules are closely packed in a regular fashion with repeating pattern in three dimensions.

In Tidal Power plants, tidal energy gets generated. It is renewable source of hydro energy which is available due to rise and fall of tides.

The break-even point is that sales level at which a corporation produces exactly zero profit given a hard and fast amount of fixed costs.

Unsupervised learning is the process of training a machine with data that hasn’t been classed or labeled.