The Programmable Interrupt controller is also known as PIC micro-controller. It is used as interfacing device. It has different operating modes.

The clipper circuits are basically used to clip the portion of any input signal without changing the remaining part of the input waveform.

The Feedback amplifiers increase the signal strength by providing feedback back to the system at the input end.

Frequency Modulation is the technique in which the frequency of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal.

Wien bridge oscillator is an audio frequency sine wave oscillator of high stability and simplicity with no phase shift in feedback network.

Frequency Modulation is the technique in which the frequency of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal.

The three basic transistor configuration are CE, CB and CC. A transistor is a three terminal device Emitter, Base and Collector.

A function is said to be positive Real function if it has all the poles and zeros on the left half of the S-plane. Re[ H(jw) ] >=0 for all ‘w’

The Nyquist criteria is a semi graphical method that determines stability of CL system investigating the properties of the frequency plot.