The number of atoms present in the excited state is greater than the number of atoms in the ground state is called population inversion.

Rate of Stimulated emission depends upon the number of atoms present in the excited state as well as the energy density of photons.

In 1960, Maiman constructed the Ruby laser. It is a three-level solid-state laser and is emitting red light of wavelength 694.3 nm.

Memorandum of Association is a legal document that must be submitted to the company’s registration body at time of establishment. This is…

The Constitution of India stipulates specific Directive Principle of State Policy, which is the basis of national governance. Since these principles constitute…

Fundamental Rights are essential human rights that are offered to every citizen irrespective of caste ,race , creed, place of birth ,…

The convolution theorem states that the transform of convolution of f1(t) and f2(t) is the product of individual transforms F1(s) and F2(s).

Magnetic Hysteresis Curve represents the relation between magnetizing force (H) and magnetic flux intensity for ferromagnetic material.

In JK flip flop when both J=K=1 the output toggles as long as clock high. This makes the output unstable. This is called race around condition.

FDMA allows users to transmit signals simultaneously to satellite transponders with the help of specific frequency to every user in a channel

TDMA (Time division multiple access) is used where there is no need for continuous transmission. Due to this it can be used instead of FDMA.

CDMA is a multiple access system. This single channel is used by multiple senders to send the information simultaneously.

The Programmable Interrupt controller is also known as PIC micro-controller. It is used as interfacing device. It has different operating modes.

The losses in transformer are listed below. Some of them occur due to alternating flux or due to ohmic resistance in the windings.

The IC 555 timer is an 8 pin chip. It is used in applications such as multivibratiors. It operates in astable, bistable and monostable mode.

The multiplexer is a special type of combinational circuit which has n-data inputs, one output and m inputs select lines with 2^m = n.

Development plan is also known as a master plan. Development defined as the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations.

Smelting, is a process in metallurgy, where the metal obtained from its ore by heating beyond its melting point, in the presence of oxidizing agents,

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Accounting equations are equations used to understand the impact of relationships in financial activities within a company.