Maths

The concept of sets is widely used in mathematics as well as in other fields such as engineering, computer sciences etc.

Introduction: In order to understand the concept of relations, let’s consider the following example:

Let X and Y are two sets. A relation f from X to Y is said to be a function if for every x ∈ X there is a unique element y ∈ Y, such that (x, y) ∈ X

When the changes in one variable are associated or followed by change in the other, we say that there is a correlation between the two. Such data connecting two variables is called a bivariate population.

Before studying about permutation and combination, we will have to know about factorial.The product of the positive integers from 1 to n is denoted by n! And we read it as “factorial “

Let X and Y are two sets. A relation f from X to Y is said to be a function if for every x ∈ X there is a unique element y ∈ Y, such that (x, y) ∈ X

Shares and mutual funds-Share is the smallest unit of the capital of a company. In other words, A unit of ownership, that represents an equal proportion of a company’s capital is called as shares.

The consumer price index measures the amount of money which consumers of a particular class have to pay to get a basket of goods & services at a particular point of time in comparison to what they paid for the same in the base period.

Integration is the reverse process of differentiation. It is also called anti-differentiation.

For drawing less than cumulative frequency polygon or curve (or less than ogive), first of all the cumulative frequencies are plotted against the values (upper limits of the class intervals) up to which they correspond and then we simply join the points by line segments, curve thus obtained is known as less than ogive.