Harcourt Butler Technical University, UP, Computer Engineering Semester 1, Physics Syllabus

PHYSICS (BPH-101/102)

Credits 4 

Unit-1: Introductory Mechanics & Theory of Relativity:
Potential energy function , equipotential surfaces, meaning of gradient, divergence, curl and their physical significance, Conservative and Non-Conservative forces, Curl of a force, Central forces, Examples of Central forces, Conservation of Angular Momentum, Inertial and Non- Inertial Frames of reference, Galilean transformation, Michelson Morley Experiment, Lorentz Transformation, Length contraction, Time dilation and Evidences for time dilation, Relativistic velocity addition formula, Relativistic variation of mass with velocity, Evidence of mass variation with velocity, Einstein‟s Mass energy equivalence, Examples from nuclear physics, Relativistic energy momentum relation.

Unit-2: Quantum Mechanics-Schrodinger Equation and its Applications: 
Dual Nature of matter & Radiation, Heisenberg‟s uncertainty Principle and their applications, wave
group concept, Davisson Germer experiment, Postulates of quantum mechanics, Significance of wave
function, Derivation of Schrodinger equation for time independent and time dependent cases,
Application of Schrodinger wave equation for a free particle, Particle in a box (one dimensional and
three dimensional), Simple harmonic oscillator (one dimensional).

Unit-3: Electromagnetic Theory: 
Ampere‟s law and Faraday‟s law of electromagnetic induction, Maxwell‟s equations, Correction of
Ampere‟s law by Maxwell (concept of displacement current), transformation from integral to
differential form, Physical significance of each equation, Poynting theorem, Maxwell‟s equations in
free space, velocity of electromagnetic wave, Transverse character of the wave and orthogonality of E,
H and V vectors, Maxwell‟s equation in dielectric medium and velocity of e.m. wave, Comparison
with free space, Maxwell‟s equations in conducting media, Solution of differential equation in this
case, penetration depth, its significance.

Unit-4: Materials of Technological Importance: 
Dielectric Materials: Electric field in presence of dielectric medium, concept of electric polarization,
different types of polarizations, dielectric in A. C. field, concept of dielectric loss and loss energy.
Semiconducting Materials: Concept of energy bands in solids, carrier concentration and conductivity
in intrinsic semiconductors and their temperature dependence, carrier concentration and conductivity
in extrinsic semiconductors and their temperature dependence, Hall effect in semiconductors,
compound semiconductors.
Nano Materials: Basic principles of nano science and technology, preparation, structure and
properties of fullerene and carbon nanotubes, applications of nanotechnology.

Unit-5: Statistical Mechanics & Lasers: 
Phase space, the probability of distribution, most probable distribution, Maxwell-Boltzmann Statistics,
Applications of Maxwell-Boltzmann Statistics, derivation of average velocity, RMS velocity and most
probable velocity in the above case, Bose-Einstein Statistics, application to black body radiation,
distribution law of energy, Planck‟s radiation formula and Stefan‟s law, Fermi – Dirac statics,
application in case of free electrons in metals, energy distribution, Fermi energy.
Lasers: Spontaneous and stimulated emission of radiations, Einstein‟s theory of matter-radiation
interaction, Einstein‟s coefficients and relation between them, Population inversion, components of a
laser, different kinds of lasers, Ruby laser, He-Ne laser, properties of laser beams, mono-chromaticity,
coherence, directionality, and brightness, applications of lasers.

Text and Reference Books:
1. Physics, Marcelo Alonso, J. Finn Edwards, Addison Wesley
2. Perspectives of Modern Physics, Arthur Beiser, McGraw Hill
3. Engineering Physics, R. K. Shukla, Pearson Education
4. Electrical Engineering Materials, R.K. Shukla, McGraw Hill
5. Introduction to Electrodynamics, David Griffiths, Cambridge University Press
6. Principles of Engineering Physics, R.K. Shukla, Ira Books
7. Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittel, Willey