Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya, Haryana, Electronics and Communication engineering Semester 2, Physics Syllabus

Module 1: Electronic Material (8)

Free electron theory, Density of state and energy band diagrams, Kronig-penny model (to introduce origin of band gap). Energy bands in solids.E-k diagram. Direct and indirect bandgaps. Types of electronic materials semiconductors, and insulators. Density of states. Occupation probability. Fermi level. Effective mass. Phonons.

Module 2: Semi conductors (10) (equilibrium carrier statistics

Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Dependence of Fermi level on carrier-concentration and temperature (equilibrium carrier statistics). Carrier generation and recombination. Carrier transport: diffusion and drift. P-n junction. Metal – semiconductor junction (Ohmic and Schottky) Semiconductor materials of interest for optoelectronic devices.

Module 3: Light-semiconductor interaction (6)

Optical transitions in bulk semiconductors: absorption. Spontaneous emission and stimulated emission: joint density of states. Density of states for photons. Transition rates (Fermi’s golden rule). Optical loss and gain: Photovoltic effect. Exciton. Drude model.

Module 4: Measurements (6)

Four-point probe and van der pauw measurements for carrier density. Resistivity. And hall mobility: Hot-point probe measurement. Capacitance-voltage measurements. Parameter extraction from diode I-V characteristics. DLIS. Band gap by UV-V is spectroscopy absorption/ transmission.

Module 5: Engineered semiconductor materials(6)

Density of states in 2D. 1D and 0D (qualitatively). Practical examples of low-dimensional systems such as quantum wells. Wires and dots: design. Fabrication. And characterization techniques. Heterojunctions and associated band-diagrams.

References:

1. J. Singh , Semiconductor Optoelectronics: Physics and Technology, McGraw Hill Inc(1995).
2. B.E.A Salch and M.C.Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics, John wiley & Sons. Inc (2007).
3. S.M.S/c Semiconductor Devices: Physics and Technology, Wiley (2208).
4. A. Uariv and P.Yeh Photonics: Optical Electornics in Modern communicaitons, Oxford university press, New York(2007)
5. P.Bjattacharya, Semi conductor Opto electronic Devices Prentice Hall of India (1997).
6. Online Course: “Semiconductor Optoelectornic ” by MR shenoy on NPTEL
7. Online Course: “Optoelectornic Materials and Devices” by Moncial Katiyar and Deepak Gupta on  NPTEL