Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines

UNIT-I Fluid Properties:
Types of fluids, Mass Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity, Newton’s Law of
Viscosity, Dynamic Viscosity, Stroke’s Theorem, Surface Tension, Capillarity,
Compressibility,Vapour pressure.

Introduction of Fluid Kinematics, Types of Flow- steady, unsteady, uniform, non-
uniform, laminar, turbulent.

Fluid Statics :- Pressure, Measurement of pressure using manometers, Hydrostatic
law, Pascal’s law, Pressure at a point, Total pressure, Centre of pressure, Pressure on
a plane (Horizontal, vertical, Inclined) and Curved Surfaces, Archimedes’s principle,
Buoyancy and stability of floating and submerged bodies, Metacentric height

UNIT-II Fluid Dynamics
Introduction to Navier-Stroke’s Equation, Euler equation of motion along a stream
line, Bernoulli’s equation, application of Bernoulli’s equation to pitot tube, venturi
meter, orifices, orifice meter.
Laminar And Turbulent Flow :- Definition, Relation between pressure and shear
stresses, Laminar flow through round pipe, Turbulent flow and velocity distribution.

UNIT-III Flow Through Pipes
Flow Through Pipes :TEL, HGL, Energy losses through pipe, Darcy-Weisbach
equation, Minor losses in pipes, TEL, HGL, Moody diagram, pipes in series and
parallel, Siphons, Transmission of power.
Dimensional Analysis, Dimensional Homogeneity, Rayleigh method &
Buckingham’s pi –Theorem.
Introduction to Similitude and model testing.

UNIT-IV Theory of turbo machines
Turbo Machine classification, Elements of hydro-electric power plant,
Impulse Turbine:- principles of operation , constructional features, Velocity
Diagram and Analysis,Design parameters, Performance characteristics, Governing.
Reaction or pressure Turbine:- principles of operation, Classification , Degree of
reaction, comparison over Pelton Turbine, Draft tube, Cavitation in Turbine,
Francis Turbine, :- Types, Constructional features, Installations, Velocity Diagram
and analysis, Design parameters, Performance characteristics, Governing.
Propeller Turbine, Kaplan Turbine: -Constructional features, Velocity
Diagram and analysis, ,

UNIT- V Hydrodynamic pumps:-
Centrifugal pumps:- Principle of operation, Classification, Component of Centrifugal
Pump, Various heads, Velocity triangles and their analysis, N.P.S.H., Cavitation’s in

pumps, Installation and operation, Performance characteristics, Introduction to self-
priming pumps

Reciprocating pump : Basic principle, Classification, Main Components, Slip, Work
Done, Indicator Diagram, Cavitation’s, Air vessels,,

References:
Text Books Recommended:
1. Fluid Mechanics, Dr. R.K. Bansal, Laxmi Publication (P) Ltd. New Delhi
2. Engineering Fluid Mechanics, Kumar K.L.,S. Chand & company Ltd. Eurasia
3. Publication House
4. Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines, R.K. Rajput, S. Chand & Company Ltd.
5. Hydraulic and Fluid Mechanics, Modi P.N. and Seth S.M., Standard Book House.
6. Fluid Mechanics & Fluid Power Engineering – D. S. Kumar, S.K. Kataria& Sons
7. Publications
Reference Books Recommended:
1. Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, James E.A., John and Haberm W.A., Prentice Hall of
India
2. Fluid Mechanics, Jain A.K., Khanna Publication
3. Engineering Fluid Mechanics, Garde R.J. and MirajGoankar, Nemchand&Bros,Roorkee,
SCITECH, Publication (India) Pvt. Ltd.
4. Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Engineering, Dr. D.S. Kumar, S.K. Kataria& sons
5. Fluid Mechanics, Frank M. White, McGraw Hill Publication
6. Fluid Mechanics, Cengel&Cimbla, Tata McGraw Hill
7. Fluid Mechanics, Streeter V.L. and Wylie E.B., McGraw Hill International Book co.
8. Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications, E. Finnemore&Franzini, Tata Mc-Graw
Hill
9. Hydraulic Machines-Theory and Design, V. P. Vasandani, Khanna Publishers
10. Fluid Mechanics, A. K. Jain, Khanna Publishers
11. Hydraulic & Compressible Flow Turbo-machines, A. T. Sayers, Mc-Graw Hill