UNIT – I

Hydrology: Hydrological Cycle and its components; Water Budget Equation, Precipitation: Types, measurements and analysis, Evaporation and consumptive use: estimation and measurement techniques.
Irrigation: Necessity and types, Advantages & disadvantages of irrigation; Functions of water in plant growth, Methods of Irrigation, Water requirement of crops, Duty and Delta relationship; Irrigation frequency; Irrigation efficiencies; Principal crops and crop season, crop rotation.
Canal irrigation: Classes and alignment, Parts of a canal system, Command area, curves in channels, channel losses.
Introduction to Sediment Transportation: Suspended and Bed load and its estimation.

UNIT – II

Irrigation channels and Design: Types: lined and unlined, silt theories: Kennedy’s and Lacey’s Design procedure for irrigation channels, longitudinal cross section, Schedule of area statistics and channel dimensions, cross sections of an Irrigation channel, Lining of Irrigation Canals: Advantages and types; factors for selection of a particular type, design of lined channels, cross section of lined channels, Economics of canal lining. Water Logging and
Drainage Design: effects, causes and anti-water logging measures, Drainage of water logged land.

UNIT – III

Regulation and control of canal system: Purpose, Types of canal regulation works and their functional aspects
Irrigation Outlets: Requirements, types, non-modular, semi-module and rigid module, selection criterion
River Training: Objective and need, classification of rivers, and river training works, meandering, stages, methods of river training, bank protection, Methods for measurement of discharge.
Types of Head works: Component parts of a diversion headwork, Failure of hydraulic structures founded on permeable foundations, Principles of design, Bligh’s theory, Khosla’s theory for determination of pressure and exit gradient. Regulation Works: Falls, Classification; Introduction to design principle of falls, Design of Sarda type and straight glacis tall. Principle and design of Distributory head regulator and cross regulator, canal escape, Bed bars.

UNIT – IV

Canal head works: Functions, Location, Layout of head works. Weir and Barrage, Canal head Regulator, Introduction to the design principles of Weirs on permeable foundations, Design of vertical drop and sloping glacis weir.
Cross drainage works: Necessity and types; Aqueduct, Siphon Aqueduct, super passage, canal siphon, level crossing, Introduction to design principles of cross drainage works. Investigation and planning of dams and Reservoirs: Zones of storage, Estimation of storage capacity, Reservoir losses, Reservoir sedimentation and its control, life of a reservoir.

UNIT – V

Dams: classification and selection criteria.
Earth Dams: Classification, causes of failure, Phreatic line, and its determination Introduction to stability analysis
Gravity dams: Forces method of analysis, modes of failure and factor of safety, Elementary profile, stability analysis, galleries, joints, control of cracks.
Spillways: Spillway capacity, types of spillways, Design of ogee spillway, Energy dissipation below spillway, Design criteria for Hydraulic Jump type stilling basins with horizontal and sloping aprons, spillway gates.
Hydro-Electric Power: assessment of potential in reference to India, classification of power plants, important terms, types of turbines and their suitability; Power House layout and important structures of a powerhouse.