Introduction to Financial Accounts

Unit 1 - Introduction

• Meaning and Scope of Accounting: Need and development, definition: Book-Keeping and accounting, Persons interested in accounting, Branches of accounting, Objectives of accounting
• Accounting principles: Introductions to Concepts and conventions.
• Introduction to Accounting Standards: Meaning and Scope)
 AS 1 : Disclosure to Accounting Policies
 AS 6: Depreciation Accounting.
 AS 9: Revenue Recognition.
 AS 10: Accounting For Fixed Assets.
• International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): Introduction to IFRS
 IAS-1:Presenttion of Financial Statements (Introductory Knowledge)
 IAS-2:Inventories (Introductory Knowledge)
• Accounting in Computerized Environment: Introduction, Features and application in various areas of Accounting

Unit 2 - Accounting Transactions

Accounting transactions: Accounting cycle, Journal, Journal proper, Opening and closing entries, Relationship between journal & ledger: Rules regarding posting: Trial balance: Subsidiary books (Purchase, Purchase Returns, Sales, Sales Returns & cash book –Triple Column), Bank Reconciliation Statement.
• Expenditure:Classification of Expenditure- Capital, revenue and Deferred Revenue expenditureUnusual expenses: Effects of error: Criteria test.
• Receipts: Capital receipt, Revenue receipt, distinction between capital receipts and revenue receipts.
• Profit or Loss: Revenue profit or loss, capital profit or loss

Unit 3 - Depreciation Accounting & Trial Balance

Depreciation accounting: Practical problem based on depreciation using SLM and RBM methods. (Where Provision for depreciation Account not
maintained).

Preparation of Trial Balance:Introduction and Preparation of Trial Balance

Unit 4 - Final Accounts

Introduction to Final Accounts of a Sole proprietor.
• Rectification of errors.
• Manufacturing Account, Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet.
• Preparation and presentation of Final Accounts in horizontal format
• Introduction to Schedule 6 of Companies Act ,1956

Business Law

Unit 1 - Contract Act, 1872 & Sale of Goods Act, 1930

• Contract Act,1872: Essential elements of Contract; Agreement and Contract – Capacity to Contract, free consent, consideration, lawful objects/
consideration, Breach of contract. Remedies for breach of Contract.
• Sale of Goods Act,1930: Scope of Act, Sale and Agreement to sell, essential of a valid Sale Contract – Conditions and warranties – Implied Condition and warranties, Rights of an unpaid seller.

Unit 2 - Negotiable Instrument Act, 1981 & Consumer Protection Act, 1986

• Negotiable Instrument Act,1981: Introduction of Negotiable Instruments – Characteristics of negotiable instruments, Promissory note, Bills of exchange, Cheque, Dishonour of Cheque.
• Consumer Protection Act, 1986: Objects of Consumer Protection- Introduction of Consumers, who is consumer? Meaning of the words “Goods and services” – Meaning of thewords “Defects and Deficiencies of goods and services” Consumer disputes and Complaints.

Unit 3 - Company Law

• Company Law: What is company? – Incorporation of company – MOA, AOA, Prospectus, Meetings, Meaning of transfer and transmission of shares.

Unit 4 - Intellectual Property Rights(IPR)

• Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
 IPR definition/ objectives
 Patent definition. What is patentable? What is not patentable? Invention And its Attributes, Inventors and Applications
 Trademarks, definition, types of trademarks, infringement and passing off.
 Copy right definition and subject in which copy right exists, Originality, Meaning and Content, Authors and Owners, Rights and Restrictions.
 Geographical indications (only short notes)

Business Statistics

Unit 1 - Introduction to Statistics

• Introduction: Functions/Scope, Importance, Limitations
• Data: Relevance of Data(Current Scenario), Type of data(Primary & Secondary), Primary(Census vs Samples, Method of Collection (In Brief), Secondary(Merits, Limitations, Sources) (In Brief)
• Presentation Of Data:Classification – Frequency Distribution – Discrete &
Continuous, Tabulation, Graph(Frequency, Bar Diagram, Pie Chart, Histogram, Ogives)
• Measures Of Central Tendency:Mean(A.M, Weighted, Combined),
Median(Calculation and graphical using Ogives), Mode(Calculation and Graphical using Histogram), Comparative analysis of all measures of Central Tendency

Unit 2 - Measures of Dispersion, Co-Relation and Linear Regression

• Measures Of Dispersion: Range with C.R(Co-Efficient Of Range), Quartiles & Quartile deviation with CQ (Co-Efficient Of Quartile), Mean Deviation from mean with CMD (Co-Efficient Of Mean Deviation), Standard deviation with CV(Co-Efficient Of Variance), Skewness& Kurtosis (Only concept)
• Co-Relation: Karl Pearson, Rank Co-Relation
• Linear Regression: Least Square Method

Unit 3 - Time Series and Index Number

• Time Series: Least Square Method, Moving Average Method, Determination of Season
• Index Number: Simple(unweighted) Aggregate Method, Weighted Aggregate Method, Simple Average of Price Relatives, Weighted Average of Price Relatives, Chain Base Index Numbers, Base Shifting, Splicing and Deflating, Cost of Living Index Number

Unit 4 - Probability and Decision Theory

• Probability: Concept of Sample space, Concept of Event, Definition of Probability, Addition & Multiplication laws of Probability, Conditional Probability, Bayes’ Theorem(Concept only), Expectation & Variance, Concept of Probability Distribution(Only Concept)
• Decision Theory: Acts, State of Nature Events, Pay offs, Opportunity loss, Decision Making under Certainty, Decision Making under Uncertainty,
• Non-Probability: Maximax, Maximin, Minimax, Regret, Laplace &Hurwicz)
• Probabilitistics (Decision Making under risk):EMV, EOL, EVPI
• Decision Tree

Foundation of Human Skills

Unit 1 - Understanding of Human Nature

• IndividualBehaviour:Concept of a man, individual differences, factors affecting individual differences, Influence of environment
• Personality and attitude: Determinants of personality, Personality traits theory, Big five model, Personality traits important for organizational behaviour like authoritarianism, locus of control, Machiavellianism, introversion-extroversion achievement orientation , self – esteem, risk taking, self-monitoring and type A and B personalities, Concept of understanding self through JOHARI WINDOWS, Nature and components of attitude, Functions of attitude, Ways of changing attitude, Reading emotions
• Thinking, learning and perceptions: Thinking skills, thinking styles and thinking hat, Managerial skills and development, Learning characteristics, theories of learning (classical conditioning, operant conditioning and social learning approaches), Intelligence, type ( IQ, EQ, SQ, at work place), Perception features and factor influencing individual perception, Effects of perceptual error in managerial decision making at work place. (Errors such as Halo effect, stereotyping, prejudice attributional).

Unit 2 - Introduction to Group Behaviour

• Introduction to Group Behaviour
 Group Dynamics: Nature, types, group behaviour model (roles, norms, status, process, structures)
 Team effectiveness: nature, types of teams, ways of forming an effective team.
 Setting goals.
• Organizational processes and system.
 Power and politics: nature, bases of power, politics nature, types, causes of organizational politics, political games.
 Organizational conflicts and resolution: Conflict features, types, causes leading to organizational conflicts, levels of conflicts, ways to resolve conflicts through five conflicts resolution strategies with outcomes.

Unit 3 - Organizational Culture and Motivation at workplace

• Organizational Culture:
 Characteristics of organizational culture.
 Types, functions and barriers of organizational culture
 Ways of creating and maintaining effective organization culture
• Motivation at workplace: Concept of motivation
Theories of motivation in an organisational set up.
 A.Maslow Need Heirachy
 F.Hertzberg Dual Factor
 Mc.Gregor theory X and theory Y. Waysofmotivating through carrot (positive reinforcement) and stick (negative reinforcement) at workplace.

Unit 4 - Organisational Change, Creativity and Development and Work Stress

• Organisational change and creativity: Concepts of organisational change,
Factors leading/influencing organisational change, Kurt Lewins model of organisational change and development, Creativity and qualities of a creative person, Ways of enhancing creativity for effective decision making, Creative problem solving.
• Organisational Development and work stress: Need for organisational development, OD Techniques, Stress, types of stress, Causes and consequences of job stress, Ways for coping up with job stress