Learning Disorder

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It’s a neurological disorder that affects brain’s ability to process, store, respond and communicate information. Learning Disability is not a single disorder but a group of disorders. In simple words, it is difficulty in reading or comprehension, difficulty in writing, and underachievement in mathematic ability. 

Attention deficit hyperactive disorder is a behavioral disorder where the child has difficulty in modulation of attention, activity level, and impulsiveness. Common signs and symptom in ADHD are short attention span, restlessness or fidgeting, and distraction.

For the sake of making it easily understandable, I am using the term Autism and related disorder (because if we are going with the term Pervasive Development Disorder i.e. PDD, and its classification under which Autism and similar conditions come, it will be very complex and difficult to understand).

Intellectual disability occurs before the age of 18, and is characterized by delayed development in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. the intellectual disability may vary from mild to profound.

All children develop at different rates. Developmental delay can be diagnosed if the delay has
crossed the expected time period for a particular milestone. Temporary delay cannot be tagged
as developmental delay.

Speech and language impairment means communication disorder, such as impaired articulation, stuttering, language impairment, voice impairment which can have an adverse affect on child’s educational performance.

It is very important to identify the potential ones who require “Early Intervention”. Under this generally children of 0-2 year age (toddlers) will come. It is generally required when parents find deviation from normal development.

Whenever a child is diagnosed with learning disorder the first question that comes to the mind of parents, educator and the therapist is about signs and symptoms, behavior, and prognosis. Literature suggests various range of characteristics in form of hyperactivity, perceptual impairment, impulsivity, disorder of memory and thinking, speech and hearing defect, inattentive, impulsive etc.

There are numbers of behavioural management techniques that can be applied in a classroom, to support the needs of the students, and if are implemented correctly and consistently and these strategies can prevent maladaptive behaviour.

Children with learning disability can show array of cognitive impairment (intellectual ability, processing of information, memory, attention and concentration). These impairment may interfere the normal learning process of the child.

When we define development we say it as a sequential change in the function of the individual in qualitative or quantitative manner which is influenced by biological determinant and psychosocial environmental experience.

Unlike physical problems which are obvious, (e.g., fracture or pain or cold) because we can feel it or we can see it understanding learning or behavioural disorders is difficult and often there is no explanation to it.

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