Comprehensive Objective Physics Vol. I

The document contains the preface.

The document contains the contents.

Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion.

Physics—scope and excitement ; nature of physical law ; Physics, technology and socity.
Need for measurement : Units of measurement ; systems of units ; SI units, fundamental and derived units. Length, mass and time measurements ; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments ; errors in measurement ; significant figures.
Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications.

Frame of reference. Motion in a straight line : Position-time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity.
Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment).
Scalar and vector quantities: Position and displacement vector, general vectors and notations, equality of vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number ; addition and subtraction of vectors. Relative velocity.
Unit vectors. Resolution of a vector in a plane–rectangular components. Motion in a plane. Cases of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration–projectile motion. Uniform circular motion.

Intuitive concept of force. Inertia, Newton’s first law of motion ; momentum and Newton’s second law of Motion of motion ; Impulse ; Newton’s third law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications.
Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, lubrication.
Dynamics of uniform circular motion : Centripetal force, examples of circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked road.)

Scalar product of vectors. Work done by a constant force and a variable force ; kinetic energy, workenergy theorem, power.
Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces ; conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies) ; non-conservative forces ; elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conservation and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of a rigid body ; centre of mass of circular ring, disc, rod and sphere.
Vector product of vectors ; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples.
Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions ; moment of inertia, radius of gyration.
Values of M.I. for simple geometrical objects (no derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications.

Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. The universal law of gravitation.
Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth.
Gravitational potential energy ; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, orbital velocity of a satellite. Geo-stationary satellites

Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke’s law, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity.
Pressure due to a fluid column ; Pascal’s law and its applications (hydraulic lift and hydraulic brakes). Effect of gravity on fluid pressure.
Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, Reynold’s number, streamline and turbulent flow. Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications.
Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, application of surface tension ideas to drops, bubbles and capillary rise.
Heat, temperature, thermal expansion ; specific heat–calorimetry ; change of state—latent heat.
Heat transfer—conduction, convection and radiation, thermal conductivity, Newton’s law of cooling.

Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics.
Second law of thermodynamics : reversible and irreversible processes. Heat engines and refrigerators

Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas.
Kinetic theory of gases—assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic energy and temperature ; rms speed of gas molecules ; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of energy (statement only) and application to specific heats of gases ; concept of mean free path, Avogadro’s number

• Periodic Motion
• Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) and its Equation of Motion
• Oscillations due to a Spring
• Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in SHM
• Simple Pendulum
• Derivation of Expressions of Time Period of different Systems
• Physical Concepts of Forced Oscillations
• Resonance and Damped Oscillations
• Wave Motion
• Speed of a Wave
• Principle of Superposition
• Reflection of Waves
• Harmonic Waves
• Formation of Standing Waves
• Standing Waves in Strings and Pipes
• Beats
• Doppler Effect
• Acoustics of Buildings.

The document contains Practice Paper 1.

The document contains Practice Paper 2.

The document contains Practice Paper 3.