{"id":7101,"date":"2022-01-19T11:59:44","date_gmt":"2022-01-19T06:29:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/?p=7101"},"modified":"2025-11-12T08:55:25","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T03:25:25","slug":"what-is-routh-hurwitzs-criterion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/what-is-routh-hurwitzs-criterion\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Routh Hurwitz\u2019s Criterion?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The Routh Hurwitz\u2019s Criterion states that the system is stable if and only if all the elements in the first column have the same algebraic sign. If all elements are not of the same sign then the number of sign changes of elements in the first column equals the number of roots of the characteristic equation in the right half of S-plane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Consider the following characteristic equation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a0 <\/sub>Sn<\/sup> + a1<\/sub> Sn-1<\/sup> \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026.an<\/sub> = 0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

where a0<\/sub>,a1<\/sub>\u2026\u2026\u2026 all have the same sign and are non-zero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

First Step<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The coefficients in rows are arranged first<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Second Step <\/strong>   <\/strong>    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Find third row from above two rows<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Continue the same procedure to find new rows. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let’s now take an example to study this for the given polynomials below determine the stability of the system S4<\/sup>+2S3<\/sup>+3S2<\/sup>+4S+5=0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1)    Arranging Coefficient in Rows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For row S2 <\/sup>first term<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The row S2<\/sup> Second term<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For row S1<\/sup>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The row S0<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As there are two sign changes in the first column, So there are two roots or right half of the S-plane making the system unstable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taking another example inorder to study https:\/\/www.supergreensexpert.com\/about\/ the special case of Routh Hurwitz,s Stability criterion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using Routh criterion determine the stability of the system with characteristic equation S4<\/sup>+8S3<\/sup>+18S2<\/sup>+16S+S = 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Arrange in rows.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For row S2<\/sup> first element<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Second term =<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For S1<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For S0<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As there is no sign change for the first column so all roots are left half of S-plane and hence the system is stable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Special Cases of Routh Hurwitz Criterion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.     When the first element of any row is zero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                 In this case the zero is replaced by a very small positive number E and the rest of the array is evaluated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eg.(1) Consider the following equation S3<\/sup>+S+2 = 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Replacing 0 by E<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now when E\u2192 0, values  in column 1 becomes<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Two sign changes hence two roots on right side of S-planes<\/p>\n\n\n\n

II) When any one row is having all its terms zero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When array one row of the Routh Hurwitz table is zero, it is shown that the X is attests one pair of roots which lies radially opposite to each other in this case the array can be completed by auxiliary polynomial. It is the polynomial row first above row zero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Consider following example<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S3<\/sup> + 5S2<\/sup> + 6S + 30 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For forming an auxiliary equation, selecting row first above row hang all terms zero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 dA(s)\/ds = 5S2<\/sup> e 30<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 = 10s e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Again forming Routh array<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No sign change in column one the roots of Auxiliary equation A(s)=5s2<\/sup>+ 30-0<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

5s2+30 = 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S2 \u03b1 6= 0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S = \u00b1 j\u221a6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both lie on an imaginary axis so the system is marginally stable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Interested in learning about similar topics? Here are a few hand-picked blogs for you!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n