{"id":5636,"date":"2021-09-23T07:27:43","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T07:27:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/?p=5636"},"modified":"2026-03-12T04:04:36","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T22:34:36","slug":"__trashed-3__trashed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/__trashed-3__trashed\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Frequency Modulation?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Frequency Modulation is the technique in which the frequency of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal.&nbsp; Basically, when the frequency or phase of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal it is called Angle Modulation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The equation for angle modulated wave is given as<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"313\" height=\"32\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/94HHB6P2p2Ni6GWv665bJ2KmdG7SFcdjU2hfDt7l5xlBD0KEdv4g7F9l-7xTPo2aGRkSGP4S69sA4lre_7CiJFqzqcKPXiFrA4pcqJy0yJ7eM8kMg4vsAmePkPNftGp_4gGScn_9=s0\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A<sub>c<\/sub> : It is the amplitude of modulated wave<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03b8<sub>i<\/sub>(t) : Angle of modulated wave<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Frequency Modulation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In amplitude modulation, the amplitude of the carrier signal varies, whereas in Frequency Modulation (FM), the frequency of the carrier signal is varied according to the instantaneous amplitude of the message signal. Hence, in frequency modulation, only frequency is varied keeping the amplitude and phase of the carrier signal constant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"272\" height=\"123\" src=\"https:\/\/lh6.googleusercontent.com\/VxAQOzhmVYH9Z7mD9UUF77V8rBgL9evmEFQEDiDNDWk7b6kzlJl0l04UYnPSqpUJ6-0OZ0y5096G4JDnYI-RMK8jYU9WC3WS9x0aTtdOXyxIH37cPTj0cFsIdh8S6BZ0LNiQmMjq=s0\"><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"333\" height=\"165\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/4PPUKQxxeDLz8vNs1OfPC85Eqexm8p_bVvz859MUJaZxlQHZIzZ24L0F-AdJlbBtOfZCGrTrF3voF8dItyaOk5vVaTrxv8gHT7noQGr987LUPFlCSZFcEldh5K-xcss79uEKKh_a=s0\"><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"444\" height=\"187\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/5gg-y-YPpWTjX6-dzbdDi6AISUkIWQnquI0Eh5sCmm16112RX_rZ_70lOKuOZje_xRkCnb3HL-wncENM7MoNXI1LgU_NvbJOhTcNfBfJhuqggY8qvgAljAaRcEcer6sUwb3JK7Ah=s0\"><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The rate at which the carrier frequency will increase or decrease is controlled by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/what-is-the-sampling-theorem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">frequency<\/a> of the message signal (f<sub>i<\/sub> ). Unlike amplitude modulation where f<sub>i<\/sub> &lt; f<sub>C<\/sub> and the amplitude is constant for all time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The change in frequency of the carrier will also reach its maximum deviation which is above the normal value when the message signal\u2019s voltage reaches its maximum value.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The change in frequency of the carrier will also reach its minimum deviation which is below&nbsp; the normal value when the message signal\u2019s voltage reaches its minimum value.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There will be no deviation in the carrier when the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Analog_signal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">information signal<\/a> is zero.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There will not be any deviation of the carrier when there is no information which means the information signal is zero. The voltage frequency deviation is set when maximum change occurs in the carrier from the base value.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Equation of Frequency Modulation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The equation for instantaneous frequency fi in FM modulation will then become <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"317\" height=\"37\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/dauCakPG4obmjrhBDilatZdjtSFVGmSZiw5Sa58RRxFZknonuQgtIa1f5GXEpJc1Dg1lHCrSJxsR4ceiTF5fjPUZ5IjJsNrNSn9pw5XpJU140GFHj6FyYjNf7o-EkgNV5F1Bspx1=s0\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>f<sub>c<\/sub> is the carrier frequency<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>k<sub>f<\/sub> is the frequency sensitivity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>m(t) is the message signal<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then relation between the two is&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"323\" height=\"39\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/XNPGrulbEWB90vNc9ke6GdPK5IIT-zXzfqIUdZMFD8YaSIbHBJrTw7DLbF1C-rT_DK1g2vXnBLXFHf8uwVQhGED8kYASWXC1U9kybpBFWXUMGFuHNgMxOTB_vTrj5tjp_QAp8JWR=s0\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"349\" height=\"77\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/7hyh1Zmq5qX7CXxT6MABCNsHk8M_k55uzBYKgUVe2O_QIX3sOf-rjm7_4OIenCPtCh6FrlI6M8qWwoTyhvq3DuJMN_uTbBCXL95tmUwYaKzDOuUgofq-6bcLXJshk_yXMn-7oWnz=s0\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"75\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/v_5ZxoxtuCjIPeuS7m6XYcS3MqWs4JmtpRpJ_8HKktlQr84OXf3oHYdefhoSQJAiEdF2eJG_9kh4T04WG5Pyzktwv7vm6PHlYnJ3qmWqjekZZb65-c_n_w-Khg7PY7rxOmcNdGB9=s0\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then the <strong>equation of FM wave <\/strong>is written above. If the modulating signal is m(t)=A<sub>m<\/sub> cos(2\u03c0f<sub>m<\/sub>t) then the equation of FM wave will be<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"446\" height=\"36\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/1tfF60Rr5mOrW97THlE5wIeZiJXlb7RutuDV65KJBPZ_cnAtVsosMfX9_MB4fzNW9ATSX2HXG7EU86vHFQo5wvYZJUtmINjctZz8nzJP63HekABBvSLgOZcSSCWzNW2mDRDh3dew=s0\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"540\" height=\"38\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/j8G-m1Cz8WwJ-KS0tfSQNfGn5VwOn0UIN8iQS11S4NZ_6putiYTnq77EhJqUEBw4KsUuVTVPSVsK4pqd63OdPwuJMWK2R362UA2nO0RkZyBPiq-2zHU8dXWELrOzj9VLLT0wkjz9=s0\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The difference between FM modulated frequency which is the instantaneous frequency and normal carrier frequency is termed as <strong>Frequency Deviation<\/strong>. It is denoted by \u0394f which is equal to&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0394f =&nbsp; k<sub>f<\/sub>&nbsp; A<sub>m<\/sub>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Based on the values of modulation index \u03b2 there are two types of frequency modulation techniques <strong>Narrowband FM<\/strong> and <strong>Wideband FM<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Interested in learning about similar topics? Here are a few hand-picked blogs for you!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/what-are-logic-gates\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Basic Logic Gates<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/what-is-aloha\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What is ALOHA?<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/hi.careerera.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/hi.careerera.com\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/what-is-switched-mode-power-supply\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Working of SMPS<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/what-are-plcs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What are PLCs?<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sweden-martina.com\/en_us\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.sweden-martina.com\/en_us\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goseeko.com\/blog\/what-is-stepper-motor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Working principle of Stepper Motor<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Frequency Modulation is the technique in which the frequency of a carrier signal is varied according to the message signal. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":5637,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5636","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-electronics"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.3.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Frequency Modulation? 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